Particle Effects->revolving around a set point.

[Loriel]

Originally Posted by Vulgar

Like pretend the the player is the sun and that I want earth to revolve around me.

The gravitational force works like this: , with the gravitational constant , the masses and of the two bodies and the distance between them.

For a stable orbit you need to achieve a constant state of freefall, where the gravitation only impacts the direction of the orbitting body's velocity, ie it acts as the centripetal force . It has to be orthogonal to the direction of the velocity of the body anyway, so we can examine this as a one-dimensional problem.

We obtain . You basically just need to write up an engine that applies the gravitational force to the velocity each timestep , then solve for to determine the required speed for the orbitting body at the desired distance after inserting the masses of both.

Here is a sample implementation of two numerical approaches to solving differential equations, perhaps it could help you:

PHP Code:

#include <iostream>
#include <ostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cmath>

#include "common.hpp"

int main() {
  using std::sqrt;
  using prog::pow;

  // Euler
  {
    double x = 1;
    double y = 0;
    double x_ = 0;
    double y_ = 0.75;
    double t  = 0;
    const double dt = 1.0/100;
    int i = 0;
    std::ofstream out("euler_log");

    while (i < 10) {
      const double last_y = y;
      const double last_x = x;

      t += dt;

      x += dt * x_;
      y += dt * y_;

      x_ += dt * -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(last_x)+pow<2>(last_y))) * last_x;
      y_ += dt * -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(last_x)+pow<2>(last_y))) * last_y;

      out << t << ' ' << x << ' ' << y << ' ' << x_ << y_ << '\n';
      if (last_y * y < 0) {
        ++i;
        std::cout
         << "x   = " << x << "\n"
            "y   = " << y << "\n"
            "E   = " << ((x_*x_+y_*y_)/2-1/sqrt(pow<2>(x)+pow<2>(y))) << "\n"
            "L_z = " << (x*y_ - y*x_) << '\n' << std::endl;
      }

    }
    system("gnuplot -persist euler_plot");
  }
  // Runge-Kutta
  {
    double x = 1;
    double y = 0;
    double x_ = 0;
    double y_ = 0.75;
    double t  = 0;
    const double dt = 1.0/100;
    int i = 0;
    std::ofstream out("runge-kutta_log");

    while (i < 10) {
      const double last_y = y;

      t += dt;

      const double k1_x  = x_;
      const double k1_y  = y_;

      const double k1_x_ = -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(x)+pow<2>(y)))*x;
      const double k1_y_ = -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(x)+pow<2>(y)))*y;

      const double k2_x  = x_ + dt/2*k1_x_;
      const double k2_y  = y_ + dt/2*k1_y_;

      const double k2_x_ = -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(x+dt/2*k1_x)+pow<2>(y+dt/2*k1_y)))*(x+dt/2*k1_x);
      const double k2_y_ = -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(x+dt/2*k1_x)+pow<2>(y+dt/2*k1_y)))*(y+dt/2*k1_y);

      const double k3_x  = x_ + dt/2*k2_x_;
      const double k3_y  = y_ + dt/2*k2_y_;

      const double k3_x_ = -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(x+dt/2*k2_x)+pow<2>(y+dt/2*k2_y)))*(x+dt/2*k2_x);
      const double k3_y_ = -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(x+dt/2*k2_x)+pow<2>(y+dt/2*k2_y)))*(y+dt/2*k2_y);

      const double k4_x  = x_ + dt*k2_x_;
      const double k4_y  = y_ + dt*k2_y_;

      const double k4_x_ = -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(x+dt*k3_x)+pow<2>(y+dt*k3_y)))*(x+dt*k3_x);
      const double k4_y_ = -1/pow<3>(sqrt(pow<2>(x+dt*k3_x)+pow<2>(y+dt*k3_y)))*(y+dt*k3_y);

      x_ = x_ + dt/6*(k1_x_+2*k2_x_+2*k3_x_+k4_x_);
      y_ = y_ + dt/6*(k1_y_+2*k2_y_+2*k3_y_+k4_y_);

      x = x + dt/6*(k1_x+2*k2_x+2*k3_x+k4_x);
      y = y + dt/6*(k1_y+2*k2_y+2*k3_y+k4_y);


      out << t << ' ' << x << ' ' << y << ' ' << x_ << y_ << '\n';
      if (last_y * y < 0) {
        ++i;
        std::cout
         << "x   = " << x << "\n"
            "y   = " << y << "\n"
            "E   = " << ((x_*x_+y_*y_)/2-1/sqrt(pow<2>(x)+pow<2>(y))) << "\n"
            "L_z = " << (x*y_ - y*x_) << '\n' << std::endl;
      }

    }
    system("gnuplot -persist runge-kutta_plot");
  }
}