It strikes me as unusual that posts which are days - even weeks old would suddenly warrant punishment. If a post goes unnoticed for this long they should not be subject to punishment; the rationale behind this is that more active monitoring needs to occur... either through more moderators or more "dedicated" moderators.
On top of this I would also like to suggest a "Period of Reflection" be put into place before any infractions are actually issued - so that the moderating admin may have time to consider the best course of action. Essentially you would be "flagged" for an infraction at 0:00hr and upon consideration you would either be issued or waved the infraction at 24:00hr.
Too frequently action is taken with little thought and as a result the punishment is often neither effective nor professional.